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Pre-menstrual Syndrome and Minerals - Calcium

Premenstrual syndrome effects over 70% to 90% of women before menopause in the US and less for women in Southeast Asia because of their difference in living style and social structure. It is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, it effects a women's physical and emotional state, and sometimes interferes with daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation. The syndrome occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts. In this article, we will discuss how calcium effects women with PMS.

I. Definition
Calcium is a soft grey alkaline earth mental , and is the fifth most abundant element by mass. It is vital for our body in cell physiology and a mineral necessary for life. It is best known in preventing osteoporosis due to fracture caused by calcium deficiency.

II. How calcium effects women with PMS
1. Release of a neurotransmitter
Calcium helps to bind the proteins found within the membranes of the synaptic vesicles, causing the synaptic vesicle proteins begin to move apart thereby, increasing the function of cells signalling to each other, including cells in the gland resulting in lessening the nervous tension such as depression, anxiety, fatigue and tiredness..

2. Kidney function
High calcium intakes or high calcium absorption were previously thought to contribute to the development of kidney stones. However, in most recent studies researchers found the opposite. deficiency in calcium caused by high levels of intake but low levels of vitamin may increase the calcium in the blood resulting in inferring the normal function of kidney in urinary secretion causing water retention in the body's tissues.

3. Food craving
Deficiency of calcium causes inability of the digestive system in absorbing vital mineral in regulating the insulin absorption including magnesium resulting in food craving. the ratio of magnesium and calcium must be in ratio of 1:2.

4. Abdominal pain and cramps
Calcium besides helps to transmit the information between cells and in the gland, it also help to improve function of the body muscle including uterus muscles resulting in lessening risk of menstrual pain and cramps before and after ovulation.

5. Vitamin D
Vitamin D is vital for our body in calcium absorption. deficiency of vitamin causes low levels of calcium as resulting of inability of the digestive system to absorb calcium , regardless how much calcium is intake from the diet.
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